kvt\lnXm, BÇmhnã\nÐv BÇmhnte|v \o bm{XbmhpI. AÃcsamcp bm{X `qansb Hcp kzáWJ\nbmbn ]cnháÃ\w sNàpw.- akv\hn.

CûmanIkwkvImcÃnsÒ Gâhpw alnXamb kÃbmWv \mw PemepÉoË dqanbnã Záin|pÐXv. alm\mb BÇobmNmcy\pw ankvân|v IhnbpamWtÉlw.A^vLm\nöm\nã auem\m FÐpw, Cdm\nã auehn FÐpw Sá|nbnãsahvem\m FÐpamWv AtÉlw AdnbsÔSpÐXv. lnPv d há d_oDã Huhãamkw 6\v, 1207 k]vXw_á30\v AtÉlw A^vLm\nöm\nse _mçJv FÐ öeÃv `qPmX\mbn. PemepÉoË FÐmã Zo\nsÒ ( hnizmkÃnsÒ A[n]Ë) FÐpw dqan FÐmã tdmam|mcË FÐpamWváÄw. PohnXÃnsÒ Ahkm\\mfpIç AtÉlw sNehgn®Xv A\tâmfnbbnembncpÐp. ]gb ss_kssÒË km{amPyÃnsÒ `mKambncpÐp A\tâmfnb. AXv sIm¾mWv dqansbÐhnhcWw AtÉlÃnsÒ t]cnep¾mbXv.
1273 Unkw_á17\v Xpá|nbnse tIm\ym FÐ öeÃmWv dqan \ncmbX\mbXv. CÐsà A^vLm\nömsÒbpw CdmtÒbpw Xpá|nbptSbpw ]mcÚcyamWv AtÉlÃn\pèXv. ^mákn `mjbnemWv AtÉlw IhnXmcN\ \SÃnbXv. AtÉlÃnsÒ kzm[o\w cmPymXnáÃnIsf AXnewLn|pÐXpw a\pjykvt\lÃne[njvTnXhpamWv.
acWm\Ìcw dqanbpsS A\pbmbnIç Idªpw ZáhojpIç FÐ kq^n coXnbmhnjvIcn|pIbpw dqansb sIm¾mSpIbpw sNbvXp. Ahá ]mSpIbpw BSpIbpw sNbvXp. AXv hgn ssZhkm¢mXvImcw t\SmË {ian®p.

aXimkv{X²\pw \nba²\pw kÐymkn hcy\pamb _lmhpÉo\v hemZmbncpÐp dqanbpsS ]nXmhv. apAan\m JmYq½ BbncpÐp amXmhv. Jeo^m A_q_|dnsÒ ]cÚcbnã s]ºbmfmWv dqansbÐv hnizkn|sÔSpÐp. awtKmç B{IaWsà XpSáÐv dqanbpsS IpSpw_w]Sn¹dË {]tZiªfnte|v {]mbmWw sNbvXp. A\tâmfnbbnte|pè bm{Xbv|nSbnã PemepÉoË, Cdm\nse JpdmkË {]hniybnse \njm]qá FÐ öeÃv sh®v AÃmá FÐ kq^nIhnbpambn ]cnNbsÔºp. {]YaZái\ÃnãXsÐ AÃmdn\v PemepÉosÒ BÇobuÐXyw t_m[yamsbÐpw aptÚ \S|pÐ ]nXmhns\bpw aIs\bpw kqNnÔn®psIm¾v, CXm kap{ZÃmã A\pKX\mbn Hcp ISãhcpÐp FÐp ]dbpIbpw sNbvXXmbn tcJsÔSpÃnbncn|pÐp. AtÉlw _me\mb PemepÉoÐv XsÒ Aká\mam FÐ Imhy{KÍw kÛm\ambn \evIn. BÇmhv Fªns\ `uXnIXbnã apgpInbncn |pÐpshÐmWv B ImhyÃnã {]Xn]mZn|pÐXv. Cu IqSn|mgvN bphmhmb dqanbnã KWyamb kzm[o\w sNbpÃn. ]nÐoSv XsÒ IhnXIfpsS {]tNmZ\hpambn.

\njm]qcnã\nÐv IpSpw _w t]mbXv _mKvZmZnte|pw AhnsS \nÐv lnPmknte|pamWv. hgnbnã At\Iw ]WvUnXcpw ZnhyÑmcpambn Ahá]cnNbsÔSpIbpw kwhmZªç\SÃpIbpw sNbvXp. ]nÐoSv sa|bnseÃn hnipÊl±v \náêln®p. ZoáLamb bm{XbpsS Ahkm\w Ahá Imcam\nã Xmakn®p. Cu hmkw Ggv hájw \o¾p\nÐp. Imcam\nãsh®v amXmhpw ktlmZc\pw NcaaS¹p.

1225ã, ]Xns\ºmasà hbünã PemepÉoË Imcam\nse Khlá JmYqWns\ hnhmlw sNbvXp. AXnã c¾v ]p{XÑmcp¾mbn. JmYqWnsÒ acWÃn\v tijw dqan hqo¾pw Hcp hnhmlÃnã IqSn GásÔSpÐp¾v. AXnã Hcm½Ipºnbpw Hcps]½Ipºnbpap¾mbn. A\tâmfnbbnse `cWm[nImcnbpsS \náØ\v[{]Imcw _lmhpÉoË tImWy FÐ öesà Hcp aZdkbpsS {][m\mÊym]I\mbn NpaXetbâp. ]nXmhnsÒ acWsà XpSáÐv dqan B kvYm\w GsâSpÃp. AÐv Ccp]sÃmÐv hbümbncpÐp dqan|v. ]nXmhnsÒ aX-kÐymkXÃzªenã dqan|v ]nÐoSv ]cnioe\w \evInbncpÐXv kànZv _pálm\pÉo\n aplJnJv BbncpÐp. 1240ã _pálm\pZÉoËNcaaSbpÐXv hsc Cu ]cnioe\w XpSáÐp. AXn\v tijw am{Xta PemepÉoË s]mXp PohnXw Bcw`n®pèq. tImWybnse ]ènbnã aX{]`mjWw \SÃnb aZdkbnã XsÒ injyÑmá|v kmtcm]tZiw \evInbpw dqan s]mXp PohnXÃnte|v {]thin®p. k³mc{]nb\mbncpÐ dqan CXn\nSbnã ZakvIknepw aâptZiªfnepw hym]Iambn bm{X sNbvXncpÐp.

1244 \hw_á15 dqanbpsS PohnXÃnse hgnÃnchmbncpÐp. AÐmWv AtÉlw BZyambn jwkn X{_nkn FÐ Záhojpambn]cnNbsÔSpÐXv. XsÒ klhmkw kln|pÐ Hcmsf At\zjn®pw {]máÄn®pw hájªfmbn AebpIbmbncpÐp jwkv.

]Icw FÌp\evIpsaÐ Hciococnbp¾mbt{X. XsÒ incsüÐv jwkv DÃcw \evIn. XmË tXSpÐXv tImWybnse PemepÉos\bmsWÐv ho¾pw Aicocnbp¾mbn. 1248 Unkw_á5\v dqanbpambn kwkmcn®ncns| jwkns\ Bsc hnfn®p. cm{Xnbnã BscÐdn¹næ. hnfntIºv ]pdÃv t]mb jwkv ]nÐosSmcn|epw Xncn®p hÐnæ. dqanbpsS ]p{X\mb AemhpÉoË KqVmtemN\ \SÃn jwkns\ h[n®XmsWÐv hnizkn|sÔSpÐp. tbmKmÇIkulrZÃ\mbn kzÌw incüv \evIpsaÐ hm|v jwkv A¢cmáÄÃnã ]men®p.
jwknsÒ acWw dqansb Zp:JÃnemgvÃn. Gâhpw timIkm{Îamb kwKoXÃntÒbpw IhnXbptSbpw AIÚSnbnã Hcp FeIvt{Sm½ t]mse ssh{_Òv Bbn \áÃ\amSn dqansbÐmWv ]dbpÐXv. HSphnã AtÉlw Adn¹p; FÌn\v RmË AtÉlsà tXSWw? RmËXsÐbmWtÉlw. B kÃbmsWÐnepapèXv. RmË FsÐÃsÐbmWv tXSns|m¾ncpÐXv.

Cu t_m[w KkepIfmbn cq]mÌcsÔºp. Hcp Ziháj|mew dqa\nbpsS PohnXw KkepIfpsS ]q|meambncpÐp. Ah Znhm\o I_oá FÐ {KÍÃnãkamlcn|sÔºnºp¾v. ]nÐoSv, kzáWÔWn|mc\mb kemlpÉoË ká|q_v , dqanbpsS an{Xambn amdn. AtÉlÃnsÒ acWÃn\v tijw injy\pw kvss{I_pamb lpüw Cu Oem_nbmbnÃoáÐp dqanbpsS BÇan{Xw. Akzöa\üpIfpsS BizmkamImË DXIpÐ Hcp IrXnsbgpXmË Cu kplrÃmWv dqantbmS`yáÄn®Xv. A`yáÄ\{ihn® BZy\nan,#w XsÐ Hcp ISemskSpÃv AXnã AtÉlw cN\bmcw`n#vNNp. kav\hnbpsS BZysà ]Xns\ºv hcn s]sºÐv XsÐ PemepÉoË FgpXnÃoáÃp.

apf©ÚpIfpsS i_vZw {ihn|pI,
AXv ]dbpÐIYtIç|pI,
hnclsÃÔân AXv ]mSpÐXv tIç|pI. dqan FgpXpIbmWv. lpümw XpSásÐgpXphmË dqantbmSt]¢n®p. ]nÐoSpè ]{̾v hájw sIm¾mWA akv\hnbpsS Bdv `mKªç FgpXnÃoáÃXv.

1273 Unkw_dnã dqan tcmKmXpc\mbn. AtÉMw kzÌw acWw {]hNn®pshÐmWv AdnbpÐXv. dqan FgpXpÐp.
F\n|v Iqºmbn
FsÒ a\üne[nhkn|pÐ cmPmhv
Fªs\bpsèmcmfmsWÐmWv
\o hnNmcn|pÐXv?
FsÒ kzáWapJÃv
\o t\m|cpXv,
ImcWw
FsÒ ]mZªç
CcpÚv sIm¾pèXmWv.

Unkw_á 17\v dqanbpsS CltemIPohnXw Ahkm\n®: ]nXmhnsÒ J_dn\SpÃv dqansbbpw kwkvIcn®. lcnXIpSocw FÐmWv dqanbpsS aIv_dbv|v \evInbncn|pÐt]cv. AhvsS FgpXnbncn|pÐp:
\mw acn®p Ign¹mã,
\ÛpsS kvamcIw
aÁneæ t\mt|¾Xv,
a\pjylrZbªfnemWv.

dqanbpsS ]mTªç
_rlÃmb kmlnXyk³bÃnsÒ DSabmWv dqan. AtÉlÃnsÒ ]mTw GsXÐv \náWbn|pI km[mcWKXnbnã hnjaamhWw. FÐmã ChnsS \sÛsbms| hnkvabnÔn|pamdv, dqanbpsS ]mTw AtÉlw \ap| \evIpÐp.
kvt\lÃnsÒ tZiobX aâpaXªfptSXnã\nÐv `nÐamWv.
t{]anbpsS aXhpw tZiobXbpw {]nbsÔºh( ssZhw)\mWv.
t{]aÃnsÒ {]iv\w aâp{]iv\ªenã\nÐv thdnºv \nev|pÐp
ssZhmÆpXªfpsS \¢{XimebmWv t{]aw.

ChnsS Hcmç|pw Hcp kwibhpanæ. Dèqá XsÒ t{]akwKoXw dqanbnã\nsÐSpÃXmtWm s#Ðv Bcpw kwibn®pt]mhpw. HscmâaXap¾peInÐpbncmw t{]aasXmÐtæm FÐ hcnbpsS ]qáêKmanbmWv dqanbpsS taepÊcn®hcnIç FÐmcpw IcpXntÔmhpw.
dqanbpsS IhnXIç|v ]eimJIfp¾v. dq_màmÃv imJ dqanbpsS {]knÊamb NXpjv]ZnIfmWv. ]cîXw hnjbªsfÔân dqan Cu NXpjv]ZnIfneqsS hmNme\mhpÐp¾v. IhnXbpsS apdpI|apè ]ZkwtbmP\ªfneqsS PohnXÃnsÒ \m\mhn[amb {]iv\ªtfbpw {]tlfnIItfbpw AtÉlw AhXcnÔn|pÐp. Fæmân\pw dqanbpsS ssIbnã ]cnlmcap¾v. kvt\lw am{XamWXv. NXpjv]ZnIç am{Xaæ, KkepIfpsS \mev]Xn\mbnctÃmfw KkepIç dqancNn®p.h[n|sÔº Znhykvt\lnXË jwknËkvacWIfmWv Cu KkepIfpsS DèSI|w. jwknæmsX XmË Hcp IhnbmbnXÃocpIbnæmbncpÐpshÐmWv dqanIcpXnbXv. AXn\mã AtÉlw kzbw jwkmbnamdpIbmWv sNbàpÐXv. AXv sIm¾mWv KkepIfpsS kamlmcÃn\v dqan Znhm\n jwkn X{_okn FÐv t]cv \evInbXv.kq^nhnizmkÃnsÒ BWn|æmb t{]anbpambpè kmÇoIcWamWv ChnsS kw`hn|pÐXv. akv\hnbmWv dqanbpsS almcN\. Bdv _rlZv`mKªfpè HcnXnlmkamWXv.tbmKmÇIIhnXbpsS IdIf¹ amXrIbmWv akv\hn. t]ájyË Jpdms\Ðv ]e]WvUnXÑmcpw hntijnÔn®nºp¾v. Jpdmt\mSpè A\mZchæ,adn®v akv\hntbmSpè A\\yamb BZchmWv Cu hnebncpÃeneqsS \ncq]Iá{]ISam|pÐXv. ]nsÐ At\Iw kwhmZªç, IÃpIç, an|hmdpw ]qáWambn A²mXam|nS|pÐ Bdv {]`mjWªç.

dqanbpsS 800mw PÑZn\w bps\kvtIm2007ã BtLmjn|pIbmWv. kmáêeuInIkvt\lÃn\pw AXphgn temIkam[m\Ãn\pw \evInb DZmcamb kw`mh\IfmWv dqansb A\izc\m|pÐsXÐv bps\kvtIm {]Jym]n|pÐp. kmáêtZiob kmwkvImcnIss]XrIªnã HÐmbnºmWv dqan hnebncpÃsÔSpÐXv.

dqanbpsS IrXnIç
]pæmw IpgensÒ kzc[mc tIç|pI,
]cmXn ]dbpIbmWXv------ FÐv XpSªpIbmWv akv\hn.
apf©mºnã \nÐv ]dns®Sp|sÔºtXmsS, FsÒ hnem]ªç, kv{Xo]pcpjÑmcpsS s\mÚcÃn\pw \nizmkÃn\pw ImcWambn. Hcp hncMnbpsS s\³Iw F\n|v thWw. AKm[amb A`nemjªsfbpw ImÃncnÔpIsfbpw ]ân F\n|v ]dbWw. izÌw kÃbnã \nÐv thdnºv hÐ Bcpw, Xncn®pt]mhmË sImXn|pÐp. Aªns\ ]pcpjmcªfnã thZ\n|pÐ kzcªç]m SpÐ Hcpn KmbI\mbn, RmË. B\În|pÐhtcmSpw Zp:Jn|pÐhtcmSpw kwhZn|pÐ Hcmfmbn amdn, RmË. FsÒ kulrZw Imw¢n|pÐXn\v Ahá|v HmtcmcpÃá|pw HmtcmImcWap¾mbncpÐp.

]t¢, FsÒ lrZbclkyw Bcm¹ Bcpw , ]t¢, FsÐ a\ünem|mË {ian®næ. FsÒ ]cn`hªfnã\nÐIsebæ FsÒ clkyw, ImXnt\m IÁnt\m shfn®hpaæ.apf©mSp¾m|pÐ B i_vZw kvt\lÃnsÒ XobmWv. tIheamb Imâæ. B A¦nbnæmÃhË HÐpaæ. kulrZÃnsÒ \neªfnã\nÐv thá]ncntb¾nhÐh\v Fæm clkyªfpw ]dbmË IgnbpÐ hnizkvX\mWv apf©mSv. kvt\lamWJnekmcaqgnbnã, kvt\lw `nj|mWv, Huj[amWv. Al©mcÃn\pè acpÐpw, BÇh³\bv|pè NnInÈbpWmWXv. tÕtâmhpw Kmse\pamWXv. ko\maebv|v PohË\evIpÐXv kvt\lamWv, atZmÑÃamb ko\maebnã\nÐv aqkm\_n \n]Xn®tÔmç ]áêXÃnã Poh\mbn háÃn®Xv kvt\lambncpÐp.

Cu kvt\l{]IoáÃ\tÃmsS Bcw`n|pÐ akv\hn, IYIfnte|pw IYmkmcªfnte|pw IhnXIfnte|pw amdnamdn \oÌpÐp. hnizkmlnXyÃnse AXy]qáhamb Cu cN\, kzá£`qanIfpsS ka\zbhpw a\pjykvt\lÃn\p¾mobnºpè Gâhpw henb {]IoáÃ\hpamWv. HÔw XsÒ hnizmkhpw hn[nbpsS A\\yXbpw Gdvndhpw at\mlcamb ssienbnã AhXcnÔn|pÐp. Ae©mckarÊhpw PohnXKÏnbpamWv dqanbpsS cN\mssien. icnbmb B\Îhpw BÿmZhpw e`n|pÐXn\v Hcmbncw BÇmhpIçsIm¾v NqXvIfnt|¾Xp¾v, FÐpw BÇmhpIfpsS Im\\Ãnã thºbmSptÚmç IgpI\mhpI, kqcys\ t]mse kzÌw PohnXw sh®v NqXmSpI FÐpw FgpXptÚmç IhnXbpsS Iehd aeás|Xpd|sÔSpIbmWv.

akv\hn ]nsÐ ISI|pÐXv cmPmhntÒbpw the|mcnbptSbpw IYbnte|mWv. IYbpw IhnXbpw CgtNáÃncn|pÐ A]qáêamb Hcp cN\m`{ZXbmWv akv\hnbpsS {itÊbamb Hcp khntijX. kvt\lsÃÔânbpèXsÒ ho¢Ww km[qIcn|pÐ IYbmbn cmPmhnsÒbpw the|mcnbptSbpw IYbmWv dqan ]dbpÐXv. IhnXbnã\nÐv IYbnte|pw IYbnã\nÐv IhnXbnte|pwapè {]bmWªfmWv akv\hnbneqsS dqan\SXÃpÐXv.

\Bdmw `mKÃnã dqan ]mSpÐp: [\w öncaæ. AXv cmhnsebp¾mhpÐp, sshIptÐcw Imânã ]mdntÔmhpÐp. `uXnIkuÎcyÃn\panæ öncX. Hcp apèv sIm¾mãaXn, at\m²amb apJw hnIrXamhpw. Ipeo\amb PÑw sIm¾pw ^eanæ. F{Xt]cmWv ]WÃn\pw IpXncIç|pw ASnaIfmb#n hnUvVnIfmtÔmhpÐXv? alm²m\nbmbXv sIm¾pw ^esamÐpanæ. C_v eokn\v Adnhp¾mbncpÐntæsbÐmWv dqantNmZn|pÐXv.

dqanbpsS akv\hnbnse Hcp {]WbKoXw {iÊn|pI: {]Wbn FsÒ ImXpIfnã \na{Ìn|pÐp: thº|mc\mhpÐXnepw \æXv CcbmhpÐXmWv. \o kzbw FsÒ hnUvVnbmbnÃocpI. kqcy\mhm\pè{iaw Dt]¢n|pI, ]pènbmbnÃocpI. FsÒ hmXnev|ã ImÃncn|pI, tKlanæmÃh\mbn. sagpXncnbmbn \Sn|mXncn|pI, ]mâbmbnÃocpI. PohnXÃnsÒ Ibv]v A\p`hn|pI, tkh\ÃnsÒ i~nbdnbpI.

dqansbÔânbpè Hcp kÚqáW]T\w ChnsS DtÉin|pÐnæ.